@Article{CecchiniMWCKAAAABFKMMMMPPPPRW:2017:InPoAp,
               author = "Cecchini, Micael Amore and Machado, Luiz Augusto Toledo and 
                         Wendisch, Manfred and Costa, Anja and Kr{\"a}mer, Martina and 
                         Andreae, Meinrat O. and Afchine, Armin and Albrecht, Rachel I. and 
                         Artaxo, Paulo and Borrmann, Stephan and F{\"u}tterer, Daniel and 
                         Klimach, Thomas and Mahnke, Christoph and Martin, Scot T. and 
                         Minikin, Andreas and Molleker, Sergej and Pardo, Lianet 
                         Hern{\'a}ndez and P{\"o}hlker, Christopher and P{\"o}hlker, 
                         Mira L. and P{\"o}schl, Ulrich and Rosenfeld, Daniel and 
                         Weinzierl, Bernadett",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universit{\"a}t 
                         Leipzig} and {Institut f{\"u}r Energie und Klimaforschung 
                         (IEK-7)} and {Institut f{\"u}r Energie und Klimaforschung 
                         (IEK-7)} and {Max Planck Institute for Chemistry} and {Institut 
                         f{\"u}r Energie und Klimaforschung (IEK-7)} and {Universidade de 
                         S{\~a}o Paulo (USP)} and {Universidade de S{\~a}o Paulo (USP)} 
                         and {Max Planck Institute for Chemistry} and {Deutsches Zentrum 
                         f{\"u}r Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)} and {Max Planck Institute for 
                         Chemistry} and {Max Planck Institute for Chemistry} and {Harvard 
                         University} and {Deutsches Zentrum f{\"u}r Luft- und Raumfahrt 
                         (DLR)} and {Johannes Gutenberg-Universit{\"a}t} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Max Planck Institute 
                         for Chemistry} and {Max Planck Institute for Chemistry} and {Max 
                         Planck Institute for Chemistry} and {The Hebrew University of 
                         Jerusalem} and {Deutsches Zentrum f{\"u}r Luft- und Raumfahrt 
                         (DLR)}",
                title = "Illustration of microphysical processes in Amazonian deep 
                         convective clouds in the Gamma phase space: introduction and 
                         potential applications",
              journal = "Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussion",
                 year = "2017",
               volume = "185",
                pages = "1--49",
                month = "marc.",
             abstract = "The behavior of tropical clouds remains a major open scientific 
                         question, given that the associated physics is not well 
                         represented by models. One challenge is to realistically reproduce 
                         cloud droplet size distributions (DSD) and their evolution over 
                         time and space. Many applications, not limited to models, use the 
                         Gamma function to represent DSDs. However, there is almost no 
                         study dedicated to understanding the phase space of this function, 
                         which is given by the three parameters that define the DSD 
                         intercept, shape, and curvature. Gamma phase space may provide a 
                         common framework for parameterizations and inter-comparisons. 
                         Here, we introduce the phase-space approach and its 
                         characteristics, focusing on warm-phase microphysical cloud 
                         properties and the transition to the mixed-phase layer. We show 
                         that trajectories in this phase space can represent DSD evolution 
                         and can be related to growth processes. Condensational and 
                         collisional growth may be interpreted as pseudo-forces that induce 
                         displacements in opposite directions within the phase space. The 
                         actually observed movements in the phase space are a result of the 
                         combination of such pseudo-forces. Additionally, aerosol effects 
                         can be evaluated given their significant impact on DSDs. The DSDs 
                         associated with liquid droplets that favor cloud glaciation can be 
                         delimited in the phase space, which can help models to adequately 
                         predict the transition to the mixed phase. We also consider 
                         possible ways to constrain the DSD in two-moment bulk microphysics 
                         schemes, where the relative dispersion parameter of the DSD can 
                         play a significant role. Overall, the Gamma phase-space approach 
                         can be an invaluable tool for studying cloud microphysical 
                         evolution and can be readily applied in many scenarios that rely 
                         on Gamma DSDs.",
                  doi = "10.5194/acp-2017-185",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-185",
                 issn = "1680-7367",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "cecchini_illustration.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "28 abr. 2024"
}